CHINAS BATTERY SUPPLY CHAIN ​​führt zum dritten Mal in Folge das BNEF-RANKING an, dicht gefolgt von Kanada

(WK-intern) – Kanadas jüngste Investitionen in seine vorgelagerte Versorgung mit sauberer Energie und die steigende Nachfrage in der Region des US-Mexiko-Kanada-Abkommens (USMCA) erhöhen die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Landes

China dominiert weiterhin das Ranking der globalen Lieferkette für Lithium-Ionen-Batterien von BloombergNEF (BNEF), zum dritten Mal in Folge, sowohl für 2022 als auch für seine Prognose für 2027, dank der anhaltenden Unterstützung der Nachfrage nach Elektrofahrzeugen und Rohstoffinvestitionen.

China beherbergt derzeit 75 % der gesamten Produktionskapazität für Batteriezellen und 90 % der Anoden- und Elektrolytproduktion. Die steigenden Lithiumpreise haben auch zu höheren Investitionen in Karbonat- und Hydroxid-Raffinerieanlagen im Land geführt, wodurch es zum weltweit führenden Veredler von Batteriemetallen wurde. Trotz dieses Wachstums setzen andere Länder Richtlinien durch, um die Nachfrage nach Batterien zu steigern und Rohstoffe zu sichern, die für den Übergang zu Elektrofahrzeugen benötigt werden.

Das auf dem BNEF Summit Bali veröffentlichte Ranking sieht Kanada in diesem Jahr auf den zweiten Platz vorrücken, was seine großen Rohstoffressourcen und Bergbauaktivitäten sowie seine gute Positionierung in den Bereichen Umwelt, Soziales und Unternehmensführung (ESG) sowie Infrastruktur und Innovation widerspiegelt , und Industrie. Ein Mangel an bedeutenden Produktionskapazitäten für Zellen und Komponenten bedeutet, dass der größte Teil des Wertes dieser Ressourcen außerhalb des Landes realisiert wird, obwohl jüngste Ankündigungen von Unternehmen wie BASF, General Motors und Posco einen Anstieg der Batterieinvestitionen zeigen.

Allan Ray Restauro, Metall- und Bergbauanalyst bei BNEF und Hauptautor des Berichts, sagte: „In diesem Jahr waren die Änderungen in der Gesamtrangliste hauptsächlich auf den besseren Zugang zu mehreren wichtigen Rohstoffen und Produktionskapazitäten im Inland zurückzuführen. Länder, die nicht unbedingt die größten Produzenten oder Hersteller sind, aber in mehreren Bereichen bei der Gewinnung von Batteriemetallen und -mineralien sowie in der Fertigung eine bedeutende Präsenz haben, schnitten besser ab als Länder, die sich hauptsächlich bei einem einzelnen Rohstoff oder einer Komponente auszeichnen. Der Erfolg in der Batterielieferkette wird zunehmend von mehr als einer Kategorie oder Metrik bestimmt. Eine solide Grundlage für den im Inland realisierten Ressourcenreichtum, unterstützt durch eine verantwortungsvolle und ethische Produktion, ist das Hauptthema der diesjährigen Rangliste, da Länder und die Industrie nach einer nachhaltigen Lieferkette streben.“

Die USA fielen in der Rangliste trotz des starken Wachstums der Batterienachfrage aufgrund des Inflation Reduction Act auf den dritten Platz zurück. Die USA platzierten sich in allen Kategorien unter den Top 10, mit Ausnahme von ESG, wo sie den 16. Platz belegten. Die starke Batterienachfrage nach stationären Speichern und der schnell ansteigende Absatz von Personenkraftwagen (Anstieg von 5 % im Jahr 2022 auf 34 % bis 2027) sorgen dafür, dass es einen hohen Platz in der Rangliste einnimmt. Obwohl die USA für 2022 die größte Verbesserung aller Länder bei Rohstoffen verzeichnen, werden sie weiterhin auf Rohstoffimporte für Batterien angewiesen sein, insbesondere von ihren Freihandelspartnern wie Australien.

CHINA’S BATTERY SUPPLY CHAIN Tops BNEF RANKING for Third Consecutive Time, With caNADA a CLOSE SECOND

Canada’s recent investment in its upstream clean energy supply and increasing demand in the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) region increases the country’s competitiveness

Bali – China continues to dominate BloombergNEF’s (BNEF) global lithium-ion battery supply chain ranking, for the third time in a row, for both 2022 and its projection for 2027, thanks to continued support for the electric vehicle demand and raw materials investments. China currently hosts 75% of all battery cell manufacturing capacity and 90% of anode and electrolyte production. The increasing prices of lithium has also led to higher investments in carbonate and hydroxide refinery facilities in the country, making it the leading refiner of battery metals globally. Despite this growth, other countries are enforcing policies to create battery demand and secure raw materials needed to support their transition to electric vehicles.

Published at the BNEF Summit Bali, the ranking sees Canada rise to the second spot this year, which reflects its large raw material resources and mining activity, as well as its good positioning in environmental, social and governance factors (ESG) and infrastructure, innovation, and industry. A lack of significant cell and component manufacturing capacity means that most of the value of these resources is realized outside of the country, although recent announcements from the likes of BASF, General Motors and Posco show an increase in battery investments.

Allan Ray Restauro, metals and mining analyst at BNEF and lead author of the report said: “This year, the changes in the overall rankings were mostly driven by the greater access to several key raw materials and manufacturing capacities domestically. Countries that are not necessarily the largest producers or manufacturers but have significant presence across several areas in battery metals and minerals extraction, as well as manufacturing, fared better than countries that excel mostly in a single commodity or component. Success in the battery supply chain is increasingly determined by more than one category or metric. A solid foundation on domestically realized resource wealth, bolstered by responsible and ethical production, is the main theme of the rankings this year as countries and the industry strive for a sustainable supply chain.”

The US dropped to third in the rankings despite the strong growth in battery demand due to the Inflation Reduction Act. The US placed in the top 10 for all categories except for ESG, where it ranked 16th. Strong battery demand for stationary storage and rapidly accelerating passenger vehicle sales (rising from 5% in 2022 to 34% by 2027) ensure that it places high on the leaderboard. Despite the US recording the biggest improvement among all countries in raw materials for 2022, it will still be reliant on raw material imports for batteries, especially from its free-trade partners, such as Australia.

Yayoi Sekine, head of energy storage at BNEF, said: “The Inflation Reduction Act is a major upside for battery demand in the US but, more importantly, it will change the supply landscape in the coming years. The law is the closest thing to industrial policy for batteries that the US has ever had and makes this the most exciting decade yet for the American battery industry. Companies are looking to maximize battery cell, module and material production incentives and comply with electric-vehicle credit requirements, which will bring more capacity to the country and its allies.”

Most European countries declined in their overall performance this year with Finland and Czechia being the only exceptions. Finland placed the highest in Europe and was ranked fourth in the overall rankings. The country’s growing battery metals supply chain, relatively clean grid and quality infrastructure favorably positions it among top lithium-ion battery countries. Germany and Sweden’s lack of domestic raw materials led to a drop in their rankings in 2022. Despite the continent’s low raw materials scores, its battery manufacturing is growing. Germany and Hungary will increase their battery manufacturing capability to match Poland, as cell and component plants come online in coming years.

Ellie Gomes-Callus, metals and mining analyst at BNEF said: “Many European countries are successfully capitalizing on their supply chain potential but the trend of decline in the region this year indicates that growth in Europe is starting to be outpaced by North American and Asian countries. European countries such as Czechia, Hungary and Poland, continue to have advantages in their ability to provide cleaner and more sustainable supply chains. This will reinforce their growth ambitions and further their case as preferred destinations for investments in batteries manufacturing.”

China, South Korea and Japan were the top three countries across all battery manufacturing metrics. They have historically had the most established manufacturing bases, with supportive industrial policies. US cell production capacity surpassed Japan in 2014 and South Korea in 2016. Most operational multi-gigawatt-hour cell manufacturing facilities in the world are owned by a Chinese, Japanese or Korean company (Tesla’s Nevada Gigafactory was jointly developed with Panasonic). In 2022, South Korea and Japan each announced domestic and overseas expansions of cell production capacity as well as supply chain strategies to secure key materials.

In BNEF’s 2027 rankings, countries in South America see the biggest declines, notably Brazil and Bolivia. Brazil remains a strong contender given its raw materials strength but dropped to 21st in the 2022 rankings due to poor performance in ESG. Bolivia was at the bottom of the rankings this year. It only performed well in 2021 in raw materials due to its massive lithium reserves.

Most resource-rich countries rank low in the overall score as they generally lack a domestic battery manufacturing capabilities and electric vehicle demand. Countries such as Indonesia, Chile, South Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo are looking to reverse this trend by using their raw materials competitiveness as an advantage to attract downstream investment across the supply chain. Policy incentives to drive EV adoption, clean energy supply as well as industrial infrastructure will help these resource-rich countries to attract the downstream investment needed to build domestic lithium-ion battery supply chains.

In the report, BNEF ranks 30 leading countries across the lithium-ion battery supply chain based on 45 metrics across five key themes: availability and supply of key raw materials; manufacturing of battery cells and components; local demand for electric vehicles and energy storage; infrastructure, innovation, and industry as well as ESG considerations. The report includes a current ranking for 2022 as well as a forward-looking one to 2027.

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PR: BloombergNEF

PB: Source: BloombergNEF. Note: “III” stands for infrastructure, innovation, and industry.